A new UK Immigration bill requires some asylum seekers from Rwanda would be sent back, while their claims get processed during a five-year trial.
They could be granted refugee status and allowed to stay or they could apply to settle in Rwanda on other grounds, or seek asylum in another "safe third country".
According to the government, some asylum seekers entering the UK illegally after 1 January 2022 could be sent there.
No asylum seeker has yet been sent to Rwanda from UK. The first flight was scheduled to go in June 2022, but was cancelled after legal challenges.
In November 2023, the UK Supreme Court ruled that the Rwanda scheme was unlawful.
After the Supreme Court ruling, the government introduced a new bill to make clear in UK law that Rwanda is a safe country. Despite opposition from some Conservative MPs , the bill passed in the House of Commons on 17 January.
It now goes to the House of Lords, where it is expected to face significant challenge.